L-carnitine

Classification

Amino-acid derivative (not a peptide hormone)

Approval status

Approved medicine

Research status

Labelled indications are defined in product information.

Molecular formula

Insufficient reliable evidence identified.

Molecular weight

Insufficient reliable evidence identified.

Sequence

Quaternary ammonium compound involved in fatty-acid transport.

Primary biological target

Insufficient reliable evidence identified.

Half-life

Insufficient reliable evidence identified.

Routes investigated

Insufficient reliable evidence identified.

Human evidence level

A — Approved clinical use / strong human evidence

Licensed oral/IV carnitine exists for deficiency states. High-dose ‘fat-burner’ vials on peptide lists are not those products and are not sold.

Carnitine shuttle for long-chain fatty acids.

GI upset orally; injection adds no proven fat-loss indication for healthy people.

• Carnitine deficiency
• Some dialysis/cardiac contexts

Investigational findings are not proven clinical benefits unless an authority has labelled that indication.

Overall human evidence grade: A · Approved clinical use / strong human evidence

Deficiency treatment is real; aesthetic vials are not.

Animal, cell and in-vitro findings are listed separately from human effects.

Mitochondrial fatty-acid oxidation.

This section does not provide personalised medical dosing. Values are those reported in papers or protocols. Animal mg/kg doses are not converted to human doses.

Doses reported in human studies

Insufficient reliable evidence identified.

Preclinical / animal study dosing

Insufficient reliable evidence identified.

Reliable human pharmacokinetic data were not identified for this encyclopaedia entry, or are limited to product information for approved presentations.

Fishy odour, GI effects; injection-site issues.

Unknowns. Absence of a published harm signal is not evidence of safety.

Contraindications. Seizure history caution for high-dose carnitine in some labels.

Approved in specific deficiency presentations.

Cellular Sequence does not sell this as a vial, tablet, oil, or injectable. Educational encyclopaedia listing only.

1. [1] Encyclopaedia note

   Encyclopaedia note